Some Background:
From the website: Reform judaism.org
The Book of Ruth, appears in the third section of the Hebrew Bible, K'tuvim, Writings, is a beautiful folktale written in four short chapters. I celebrates the loyalty and reward of a young Moabite widow (Ruth) who chooses to follow her Israelite mother-in-law (Naomi) back to Bethlehem.
Jewish law assigns this book to the festival of Shavuot or festival of weeks. The events take place during the summer harvest.
Although the story is set in the period of theJudges (1200-1000 B. C. E.), it is unlikely that it was written at the time. According to the Talmud, "Samuel the prompt wrote his own books, Judges and Ruth." Most biblical scholars, however, argue for a post exilic date (i.e.., after 70 C.E.). Furthermore, as Rowley noted long ago: "the simple story of the Book of Ruth abounds in problems for which no final solution can ever be found, since the materials for their solution are denied us."
Why was this book written? The purpose is not apparent. Some say that it is simply "an interesting tale of long ago" (Pfeiffer). Others suggest that the author's goal was to promote the inclusion of outsiders, such as Ruth, in the Assembly of Israel (Smith), especially during the days of Ezra and Nehemiah.
Ruth is like a four-act play. Here are the characters:
ELIMELECH
e-lim'-e-lek ('elimelekh,"My God is King")
I am Elimelech. I am a member of the tribe of Judah, a native of Bethlehem Judah, a man of wealth and probably head of a family or clan. I lived during the period of the Judges, had a hereditary possession near Bethlehem, and am chiefly known as the husband of Naomi, the mother-in-law of Ruth and ancestress of David the king. Because of a severe famine in Judea, I emigrated to the land of Moab with my wife and sons, Mahlon and Chilion (lil-yon). Not long afterward I died, and my two sons married Moabite women, Ruth and Orpah. Ten years in all were spent in Moab, when my two sons died, and the three widows were left. Soon afterward Naomi decided t return to Judah.
NAOMI
na'-o-mi, (probably = "pleasantness)
I am Naomi. I am the wife of Elimelech and mother - in-law of Ruth. I went with my husband to the land of Moab, and after his death returned to Bethlehem. When greeted on my return, I told the women of the town to call me, Marah ("bitterness"), "for," I said, "the Almighty hah dealt very bitterly with me." I advised Ruth in her dealing with Boaz.
MAHLON
ma'-lon
I am Mahlon, Ruth's first husband I am one of the two sons of Elimelech and Naomi, Ephrathites of Bethlehem-judah". With my mother and my brothers I came into Moab and we both married Moabite women.
CHLION
kil'-i-on (kilyon, "pining,""wasting away")
I am Chilean. I am one of the two sons of Elimelech and Naomi, Ephrathites of Bethlehem-judah" With my mother and my brother I came into Moab and we both married Moabite women. Orpah being the name of my wife and Ruth was the wife of Mahlon. We both died early.
ORPAH
or'-pa ('orphan)
I am Orpah and I am a Moabitess. I am the wife of Mahlon (marlin), son of Elimelech and Naomi. Unlike my sister Ruth, I returned to my own people after escorting Naomi on her way to Judah. My name is supposed to be derived from the Hebrew word for "neck" ('oreph), and so to mean "stiff-necked" because of my turning-back from following my mother-in-law.
RUTH
tooth (ruth; Rhouth)
I am Ruth and my name is found in the Old Testament only in the book which is called by my name. It is a contraction for re'uth perhaps signifying "comrade,""companion." The word is an abstract noun that = friendship." The Book of Ruth details the history of the one decisive episode owing to which I became an ancestress of David and of the royal house of Judah. From this point of view its peculiar interest lies in the close friendship or alliance between Israel and Moab, which rendered such a connection possible. There is also an allusion to this win the name itself.
My piety and fidelity exhibited as I refused to abandon my mother-in-law, although thrice exhorted to do so by Naomi herself, on account of her own great age and the better prospects for Ruth in her own country. Oprah yielded to persuasion, and returned Moab; but I remained with Noami.
At Bethlehem I employed myself in gleaning in the field during the harvest and was noticed by Boaz, the owner of the field, a near kinsmen of my father-in-law Elimelech. Boaz gave me permission to glean as long as the harvest continued; and told me that he had heard of my conduct toward my mother-in-law. Moreover he directed the reapers to make intentional provisions for me by dropping in my way grain from their bundles.
My life and history are important because I form a link in the ancestry of the greatest king of Israel.
It shows how my faithful and loving service to m mother-in-law met with its due reward in the
restored happiness of a peaceful and prosperous home-life for myself. Incidentally ancient. marriage customs of Israel, which becoming obsolete.
BOAZ
bo'-az (o'az; "quickness")
I am a resident of Behtlehem and kinsman of Elimelech, Naomi's husband. I am a gibbor chayil, a phrase which can mean either "a mighty man of valor" or else " a man of piston and wealth." The latter is probably the sense in which the phrase is applied to. I had fields outside the town, which were where Ruth went to glean. I noticed her and extended special kindness and protection to her, bidding her remain with my female workers, and charging the me not to mistreat her, and slap giving her of the reapers' food at mealtime.
I "am used a model of piety, generosity and chastity". I found virtue and rewarded it.
One of the two bronze pillars erected infant of Solomon's temple is named after me, and the other is named after Jachin.
Additional information:
There are 45 definitions of light. Definition #13 = exposed in view or limelight.
Ephrathite-citizen of Ephratah the old name of Bethlehem.
The post exilic period- exile of Jews in Babylonia 597-538 B.C.
Reaper- cuts standing grain.
Gleaner - gathers after the reapers.
One of only two books of script maned for women.
Ruth is great-grandmother of King David.
Ruth converted.
Important to remember > she represents hope and optimism.
* Ruth 1:1-5
Elimelech and his family (Naomi, Mahlon and Chilion ) go to Moab. Elimelech dies. Mahlon and Chilean marry Orpah and Ruth - Moabite women.
Ruth 1:8-18 and 19-20
Ruth stays with Naomi and they return to Bethlehem.
Ruth 2:1-5
Ruth wants to be noticed by Boa. He did notice her.
Gem: Faithfulness is more important than ethnicity.
President Monson said this of Ruth:
"A model of ideal womanhood is Ruth. Sensing the grief-stricken heart of her mother-in-law Naomi -- who suffered the loss of her tow fine sons--feeling perhaps the pangs of despair and loneliness the plagued the very soul of Naomi, Ruth uttered what has become that classic statement of loyalty: 'Entreat me not to leave thee, or to return from following after thee: for whither thou goest, I will go and were thou longest, I will lodge; thy people shall be my people, and thy God my God.' Ruth's actions demonstrated the sincerity of her words.
"Through Ruth's undeviating loyalty to Naomi, she was to marry Boaz, by which she--the foreigner and Moabite convert--became a great-grandmother of David and, therefore, an ancestor of our Savior Jesus Christ."
* Ruth 3-4
Characteristics of who our youth want to marry.
Emily - "His aura fits my aura."
Mason - "Someone who loves me."
Ruth wants Boaz and lets him know it but he respects her virtue and chastity. Naomi is pleased with this.
Tuesday, December 15, 2015
Saturday, December 12, 2015
Feast December 7 through December 11 2015
* Joshua prepared Israel to enter Canaan. The Lord spoke to Joshua. He sent spies to Jericho where Rahab, the harlot, lived. She protected the spies when trouble came.
* 33 Kings were defeated. The land was divided between 9 1/2 tribes, but not the Levites. Caleb gives his daughter to his nephew to marry. Judah gets most of the land when it's divided. There is a refuge for accidental killings. There were 48 cities given tot he Levites. Joshua is old. He tells them not to marry Canaanites because they will not be protected. The Lord tells all that He has done for them. Joshua died. Eleazar died.
* Israelites were strong and united but didn't drive the people out. They worshiped false gods again. Rules the Israelites were given. (1) Israelites sin against the Lord. (2) Israelites are afflicted by their enemies. (3) Israel cry unto the Lord for deliverance. (4) Lord raises up judges who delivered the Israelites for their enemies. Deborah, prophetess, who judged. Joel killed the general with a tent stake. The Lord was angry with the Israelites so he rested the land 40 years.
I really liked Mason's statement - "Don't sin!"
* The Children of Israel were delivered to Midian for 7 years. Midianites, Amalekites, Children of the East came against them. The Lord sent a prophet to answer their cries. Gideon is a man of Valor and will save Israel. He removes false idols and prepares for battle. He is also called Jerubbaal. He has 30,000 men and the Lord said to reduce so he reduced to 10,000. Then the Lord said to reduce again but to only keep the men who lap the water like a dog. There were 300 who lapped their water.
Midianites fled> Gidianites pursued them. they had many years of peace. Gideon died. Abimelech, Gideon's son was made king. An assassin was paid 70 pieces of silver to kill 70 men. Jotham tells the Fable of the trees: Olive tree > not to leave his fatness.
Fig tree > forsake his sweetness and good fruits.
Vine > not to leave his wine.
Bramble > trust my shadow
Shechemites slay Abimelech.
* Israelites were bad again. They needed a righteous leader. Samson was a Nazarite and was given specific directions:
don't shave his head, don't drink wine or strong drink, don't touch unclean things. He desired a Philistine woman marry. He had great strength because of his hair and his wife told the men that.
Melany said basically to "Stay in your own lane"
Samson saw Delilah.
If we place our own desires ahead of the Lord's we night not have success.
* 33 Kings were defeated. The land was divided between 9 1/2 tribes, but not the Levites. Caleb gives his daughter to his nephew to marry. Judah gets most of the land when it's divided. There is a refuge for accidental killings. There were 48 cities given tot he Levites. Joshua is old. He tells them not to marry Canaanites because they will not be protected. The Lord tells all that He has done for them. Joshua died. Eleazar died.
* Israelites were strong and united but didn't drive the people out. They worshiped false gods again. Rules the Israelites were given. (1) Israelites sin against the Lord. (2) Israelites are afflicted by their enemies. (3) Israel cry unto the Lord for deliverance. (4) Lord raises up judges who delivered the Israelites for their enemies. Deborah, prophetess, who judged. Joel killed the general with a tent stake. The Lord was angry with the Israelites so he rested the land 40 years.
I really liked Mason's statement - "Don't sin!"
* The Children of Israel were delivered to Midian for 7 years. Midianites, Amalekites, Children of the East came against them. The Lord sent a prophet to answer their cries. Gideon is a man of Valor and will save Israel. He removes false idols and prepares for battle. He is also called Jerubbaal. He has 30,000 men and the Lord said to reduce so he reduced to 10,000. Then the Lord said to reduce again but to only keep the men who lap the water like a dog. There were 300 who lapped their water.
Midianites fled> Gidianites pursued them. they had many years of peace. Gideon died. Abimelech, Gideon's son was made king. An assassin was paid 70 pieces of silver to kill 70 men. Jotham tells the Fable of the trees: Olive tree > not to leave his fatness.
Fig tree > forsake his sweetness and good fruits.
Vine > not to leave his wine.
Bramble > trust my shadow
Shechemites slay Abimelech.
* Israelites were bad again. They needed a righteous leader. Samson was a Nazarite and was given specific directions:
don't shave his head, don't drink wine or strong drink, don't touch unclean things. He desired a Philistine woman marry. He had great strength because of his hair and his wife told the men that.
Melany said basically to "Stay in your own lane"
Samson saw Delilah.
If we place our own desires ahead of the Lord's we night not have success.
Tuesday, December 1, 2015
Feast for 30 November through 4 December 2015
* Deuteronomy 14
We learn to pay a full tithe of our increase.
Deuteronomy 15
We learn about the Sabbatical year. It is just like the Sabbath. It occurred every seventh year. Debts were released, or forgiven and fields were left untilled for the year.
From the Bible Dictionary we learn this about the Hebrew Feasts:
Three times a year all the males of the covenant people were to appear before the Lord in the place that He should choose. In the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the Feast of Weeks, and the Feast of Tabernacles. This ordinance presupposed a state of settled peace rarely if ever realized in the history of the people in Old Testament times.
The Old Jewish festivals continued to be observed and had additional associations connected with them. Other present-day Christian festivals date from a time subsequent to New Testament and are not authorized by the scripture.
Feast of Passover is divided into two parts:
The first two days and last two days (the latter commemorating the splitting of the Red Sea) are full-fledged holidays. Holiday candles are lit at night, and Kiddish and Sumptuous holiday meals are enjoyed on both nights and days. They don't go to work, drive, write or switch on or off electric devices. They are permitted to cook and to carry outdoors. It was instituted to commemorate the passing over the houses of the Children of Israel in Egypt. The first Passover differed somewhat from those succeeding it. It became (1) a sanctuary feast, (2) a seven days' feast of unleavened bread. (3) feast was connected with the harvest. The first and seventh days were Sabbaths and days of holy convocation. The eight-day festival of Passover is celebrated in the early spring, from the 15th through the 22nd of the Hebrew month Nisan. It commemorates the emancipation of the Israelites from slavery in ancient Egypt. And, by following the rituals of Passover, they have the ability to relive and experience the true freedom that our ancestors gained.
Feast of Unleavened Bread:
Often called Passover because only unleavened bread was eaten during these seven days immediately following Passover. Unleavened Bread reflected the fact that the Israelites had no time to put leaven in their bread before their hasty departure from Egypt; it was also apparently connected to the barley harvest (Leviticus 23:4-14).
A common Jewish tradition in preparing for the Feast of Unleavened Bread is to sprinkle leavened (yeast) bread crumbs throughout the house and then subsequently sweep them all up and collectively burn the outside. You might be asking yourself, Why would they do this? Well, in the bible, leaven symbolizes error or evil. It is the substance that causes fermentation. The Lord said to His disciples "Beware of the leaven (false doctrine) of the Pharisees". In addition, the apostle Paul warned the church at Corinth that a "a little leaven (yeast) leaveneth (ferments) the whole lump". Paul was simply saying that if sin goes unchecked, it will permeate and infect everything and everyone around them.
The Lord Christ Jesus was crucified on the cross at Golgotha on the day of Passover. He was then buried in a newly hewn tomb donated by Joseph of Arimathea. However, unlike all other corpses, the body of Jesus would not decay in the grave. There would be no decomposition of His body, no, none indeed. God the Father would not "allow thine Holy One (His Son Jesus) to see corruption. This feast proclaims that Christ's physical body would not experience the ravages of death while in the grave; for He was sanctified (set apart) by God the father. The unleavened bread signifies Israel's period of consecration.
Feast of Weeks:
"The word Shavuot means weeks, and the festival of Shavuot marks the completion of the seven-week counting period between Passover and Shavuot. Shavuot is one of the lesser-known Jewish holidays among secular Jews in the Jewish diaspora, while those in Israel are more aware of it.
In traditional Judaism, the festival marks the culmination of the experience of redemption, the Conclusion of Passover. Since the Exodus from Egypt was intended to lead to the revelation of Sinai, the goal is he giving of the Torah to the Jewish people. God took the Jews out of Egypt so that they would be His won treasured people, holy and separated from the pagan cultures around them. Indeed, all of the holidays are connected with this event, including the fall festivals of Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur and Sukkoth.
Feast of Tabernacles:
The third of the three major Jewish festivals. All adult males were required to travel to the sanctuary to take part. Tabernacles was the only feast with specific instructions to rejoice. This festival began on the 15th day of September-October, the 5th day after the Day of Atonement. It was quite a transition, from the most solemn day of the year to one of the most joyous. It lasted 7 days. During the festival the Jewish people lived in tents or booths, as they had done in the wilderness. It celebrated the completion of the great fall harvest and commemorated the Hebrews living in booths and wandering in the wilderness for 40 years because of their unbelief and disobedience.
The first day of the festival was observes as a day on which not work was permitted, and proceeded with a gathering at the Tabernacle.
It is the last of the appointed feasts and concludes the festive calendar. It anticipates the culmination of God's purpose for Israel, the final fulfillment of God's promises for and through that nation. To emphasize perfection and completion, it occurs in the seventh month, lasts for seven days and the number of tis sacrifices are divisible by seven.
(It is interesting to me that the feasts use the number 7 many times. It is one of the numbers Heavenly Father seems to use numbers times throughout all of the scriptures to emphasize the importance of things to Him)
* Israelites come to land that is spoiled and they are told "fear not I'll be with thee"
Exceptions for battle:
house not dedicated
vineyard
wife
Proclaim peace
If they don't accept it they will be killed
Emily was reminded of the Punic Wars in Carthage and Rome.
The people were ripe with iniquity and the Lord said to kill all wicked.
Laws talked about:
- lost property returned
- (dress code) women shouldn't wear mens' clothing and men shouldn't wear women's clothing
- don't harvest all food; leave some for the poor
- pay tithing
They should be a peculiar people
* Deuteronomy 27:1
Keep the commandments. President Russel M. Nelson and President Harold B. Lee spoke to us about this. President Nelson cautions us about treating the Commandments like a cafeteria where we pick and choose which commandments we obey.
Deuteronomy 27:12; 14-26
The tribes of Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Joseph, Benjamin went to Mt. Gerizim and were blessed.
Deuteronomy 27:13; 28:2-6
The tribes of Reuben, Gad, Asher, Zebulun, Dan, Naphtali went Mt. Ebla and were cursed.
Sachem was in the middle of the two mountains.
* At the end of Deuteronomy Moses died (actually translated) but gave Joshua fine counsel to rise up and lead - "be strong and of good courage" - a phrase we have been hearing more and more lately from our General Authorities and General Auxiliary leaders.
Joshua tells us to meditate and observe > be prosperous and successful. He sends spies to Jericho and Rahab protects then by hiding them and tying a red ribbon on the door so it will be passed by.
* Joshua 3-5
They traveled three days. They picked up the Ark of the Covenant/Testimony and twelve rocks, and the priests were the ones who carried them. They were told to cross the Jordan River, and that when they stepped into the water and began to walk the river would part-like the Red Sea. They had to have faith. Joshua told the priests to stand in the middle while the people crossed and when they finished crossing the priests were placed the twelve rocks in a sick in the middle of the river as a memorial. They were to remember Being taken out of Egypt by the Lord. The males born while in the wilderness had to be circumsized. The Children of Israel came upon some old corn and began eating it. Once this happened the manna stopped coming to them because they no longer needed food.
We learn to pay a full tithe of our increase.
Deuteronomy 15
We learn about the Sabbatical year. It is just like the Sabbath. It occurred every seventh year. Debts were released, or forgiven and fields were left untilled for the year.
From the Bible Dictionary we learn this about the Hebrew Feasts:
Three times a year all the males of the covenant people were to appear before the Lord in the place that He should choose. In the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the Feast of Weeks, and the Feast of Tabernacles. This ordinance presupposed a state of settled peace rarely if ever realized in the history of the people in Old Testament times.
The Old Jewish festivals continued to be observed and had additional associations connected with them. Other present-day Christian festivals date from a time subsequent to New Testament and are not authorized by the scripture.
Feast of Passover is divided into two parts:
The first two days and last two days (the latter commemorating the splitting of the Red Sea) are full-fledged holidays. Holiday candles are lit at night, and Kiddish and Sumptuous holiday meals are enjoyed on both nights and days. They don't go to work, drive, write or switch on or off electric devices. They are permitted to cook and to carry outdoors. It was instituted to commemorate the passing over the houses of the Children of Israel in Egypt. The first Passover differed somewhat from those succeeding it. It became (1) a sanctuary feast, (2) a seven days' feast of unleavened bread. (3) feast was connected with the harvest. The first and seventh days were Sabbaths and days of holy convocation. The eight-day festival of Passover is celebrated in the early spring, from the 15th through the 22nd of the Hebrew month Nisan. It commemorates the emancipation of the Israelites from slavery in ancient Egypt. And, by following the rituals of Passover, they have the ability to relive and experience the true freedom that our ancestors gained.
Feast of Unleavened Bread:
Often called Passover because only unleavened bread was eaten during these seven days immediately following Passover. Unleavened Bread reflected the fact that the Israelites had no time to put leaven in their bread before their hasty departure from Egypt; it was also apparently connected to the barley harvest (Leviticus 23:4-14).
A common Jewish tradition in preparing for the Feast of Unleavened Bread is to sprinkle leavened (yeast) bread crumbs throughout the house and then subsequently sweep them all up and collectively burn the outside. You might be asking yourself, Why would they do this? Well, in the bible, leaven symbolizes error or evil. It is the substance that causes fermentation. The Lord said to His disciples "Beware of the leaven (false doctrine) of the Pharisees". In addition, the apostle Paul warned the church at Corinth that a "a little leaven (yeast) leaveneth (ferments) the whole lump". Paul was simply saying that if sin goes unchecked, it will permeate and infect everything and everyone around them.
The Lord Christ Jesus was crucified on the cross at Golgotha on the day of Passover. He was then buried in a newly hewn tomb donated by Joseph of Arimathea. However, unlike all other corpses, the body of Jesus would not decay in the grave. There would be no decomposition of His body, no, none indeed. God the Father would not "allow thine Holy One (His Son Jesus) to see corruption. This feast proclaims that Christ's physical body would not experience the ravages of death while in the grave; for He was sanctified (set apart) by God the father. The unleavened bread signifies Israel's period of consecration.
Feast of Weeks:
"The word Shavuot means weeks, and the festival of Shavuot marks the completion of the seven-week counting period between Passover and Shavuot. Shavuot is one of the lesser-known Jewish holidays among secular Jews in the Jewish diaspora, while those in Israel are more aware of it.
In traditional Judaism, the festival marks the culmination of the experience of redemption, the Conclusion of Passover. Since the Exodus from Egypt was intended to lead to the revelation of Sinai, the goal is he giving of the Torah to the Jewish people. God took the Jews out of Egypt so that they would be His won treasured people, holy and separated from the pagan cultures around them. Indeed, all of the holidays are connected with this event, including the fall festivals of Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur and Sukkoth.
Feast of Tabernacles:
The third of the three major Jewish festivals. All adult males were required to travel to the sanctuary to take part. Tabernacles was the only feast with specific instructions to rejoice. This festival began on the 15th day of September-October, the 5th day after the Day of Atonement. It was quite a transition, from the most solemn day of the year to one of the most joyous. It lasted 7 days. During the festival the Jewish people lived in tents or booths, as they had done in the wilderness. It celebrated the completion of the great fall harvest and commemorated the Hebrews living in booths and wandering in the wilderness for 40 years because of their unbelief and disobedience.
The first day of the festival was observes as a day on which not work was permitted, and proceeded with a gathering at the Tabernacle.
It is the last of the appointed feasts and concludes the festive calendar. It anticipates the culmination of God's purpose for Israel, the final fulfillment of God's promises for and through that nation. To emphasize perfection and completion, it occurs in the seventh month, lasts for seven days and the number of tis sacrifices are divisible by seven.
(It is interesting to me that the feasts use the number 7 many times. It is one of the numbers Heavenly Father seems to use numbers times throughout all of the scriptures to emphasize the importance of things to Him)
* Israelites come to land that is spoiled and they are told "fear not I'll be with thee"
Exceptions for battle:
house not dedicated
vineyard
wife
Proclaim peace
If they don't accept it they will be killed
Emily was reminded of the Punic Wars in Carthage and Rome.
The people were ripe with iniquity and the Lord said to kill all wicked.
Laws talked about:
- lost property returned
- (dress code) women shouldn't wear mens' clothing and men shouldn't wear women's clothing
- don't harvest all food; leave some for the poor
- pay tithing
They should be a peculiar people
* Deuteronomy 27:1
Keep the commandments. President Russel M. Nelson and President Harold B. Lee spoke to us about this. President Nelson cautions us about treating the Commandments like a cafeteria where we pick and choose which commandments we obey.
Deuteronomy 27:12; 14-26
The tribes of Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Joseph, Benjamin went to Mt. Gerizim and were blessed.
Deuteronomy 27:13; 28:2-6
The tribes of Reuben, Gad, Asher, Zebulun, Dan, Naphtali went Mt. Ebla and were cursed.
Sachem was in the middle of the two mountains.
* At the end of Deuteronomy Moses died (actually translated) but gave Joshua fine counsel to rise up and lead - "be strong and of good courage" - a phrase we have been hearing more and more lately from our General Authorities and General Auxiliary leaders.
Joshua tells us to meditate and observe > be prosperous and successful. He sends spies to Jericho and Rahab protects then by hiding them and tying a red ribbon on the door so it will be passed by.
* Joshua 3-5
They traveled three days. They picked up the Ark of the Covenant/Testimony and twelve rocks, and the priests were the ones who carried them. They were told to cross the Jordan River, and that when they stepped into the water and began to walk the river would part-like the Red Sea. They had to have faith. Joshua told the priests to stand in the middle while the people crossed and when they finished crossing the priests were placed the twelve rocks in a sick in the middle of the river as a memorial. They were to remember Being taken out of Egypt by the Lord. The males born while in the wilderness had to be circumsized. The Children of Israel came upon some old corn and began eating it. Once this happened the manna stopped coming to them because they no longer needed food.
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